action<\/a> to ensure all operations continued without interruption. Epic leadership went beyond the recommended advice provided by the Centers for Disease Control.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOur dedicated staff disinfected aircraft, simulators,\nclassrooms, and all other areas. Online ground school classes began within 2\ndays of state orders. Social distancing, face masks, and hand sanitizer became\nthe norm on campus. Epic has always taken every precaution to assure the safety\nof our students, instructors, and staff both in the air and on the ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Determining a best course of action through this pandemic\nalso involved personal choices. Student pilots learn early in their training a\nsystematic approach for determining the best course of action for a given\ncircumstance. This learned decision-making process relies on situational\nawareness, problem recognition, and good judgement to reduce risks. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
What are the differences between ADM, CRM, and SRM?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAeronautical Decision-making (ADM) and Risk Management are\nuseful before and during the flight. Learning the decision-making process\nbenefits every aspect throughout our lives, including personal choices during\nthis pandemic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
For over 25 years, the airline industry has implemented ADM\ntraining called Crew Resource Management (CRM). As a result, there has been a\nsignificant reduction in human error accidents. Building on the airlines\u2019\nsuccess, the private industry developed a similar program called Single Pilot\nResource Management (SRM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The decision-making process includes ADM, which begins with\nawareness of our situation. The FAA has developed various decision-making\nchecklists, called models, for pilots to use during a given set of situations.\nThese models provide a logical way of making a decision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is DECIDE?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nOne of these aeronautical decision-making models is called\nthe DECIDE process. In this model, we first detect a change or deviation from\nour planned action. We then estimate the correction required. We choose a\ndesirable outcome then initiate change by doing something. Finally, we continue\nto evaluate the effect of our corrective action. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Here is an example of how the DECIDE model might work for\ndetermining personal choices during the pandemic:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D = Detect<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nD = Detect: Identify the decision that needs to be made.\nMake required changes to safely and effectively continue flight training goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
E = Estimate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nE = Estimate: Explore your different options. Continue\nflight training following recommended precautionary guidelines for COVID-19.\nOr, discontinue training and return home until the pandemic subsides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C = Choose<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nC = Choose: As you explore options, consider the\nconsequences of each. Take every precautionary action while continuing flight\ntraining activities for completing goals on time. Or, delay training, which\nwould require additional recurrence flights resulting in extended goals and\nfinances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I = Initiate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nI = Initiate: Identify what\u2019s important and valuable so you\ncan make a choice that honors your standards. Value health, safety, well-being,\nand the joy of learning while continuing flight training. Or, remain in the\nsafety of self-isolation at home.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D = Do<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nD = Do: After analyzing your options and evaluating your\nvalues, you need to decided to do something. Actions include: online ground\nschool, temperature check before entering buildings, and social distancing.\nAlso, use the foot door opener, wear a face mask, wash hands often, and don\u2019t\ntouch face with hands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
E = Evaluate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nE = Evaluate: Evaluation is an important final step of the\ndecision-making process. This allows you to assess how your choice impacted\nyour health and happiness. Progress in flight training while evaluating health\nand well-being. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
ADM training also includes stressors. Under normal circumstances,\nour aeronautical decision-making process operates effectively. When stressors\nare present, the decision-making process can become strained or fail\naltogether. If the pilot fails to properly evaluate the given circumstances,\nthe outcomes might not be successful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is IMSAFE?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nOne of the best ways for a pilot to perform a personal\npreflight evaluating physical or mental readiness for flying is to use the\nIMSAFE checklist. Determine your\nphysical and mental readiness during this pandemic and at all times as outlined\nbelow. This is just one more way to hone your aeronautical decision-making\nskills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I = Illness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nI = Illness: Pilots should not fly if ill as this may\ninterfere with good decision-making. Staying at home if not feeling well is\nalso the best course of action. Ask yourself: \u201cHow do I feel today? Am I sick?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M = Medication<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nM = Medication: Know your body\u2019s reaction to\nmedication. The FAA provides guidelines\nfor prescription and over the counter medications. Whether flying an aircraft\nor driving a car, ask yourself: \u201cAm I taking any medicines that might affect my\njudgment or make me drowsy?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S = Stress<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nS = Stress: While the FAA regulations list medical\nconditions that require grounding, stress is not among them. Stress causes\nconcentration and performance problems whether flying an airplane, driving a\ncar, or in everyday situations. Ask yourself: \u201cAm I stressed? Do I have\npressure from a deadline? Do I have money, health, or family problems?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A = Alcohol<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nA = Alcohol or Drugs: FAA regulation 91.17 states that no\nperson may act or attempt to act as a crew member of a civil aircraft within 8\nhours after the consumption of alcohol or while under the influence of alcohol.\nAs little as one ounce of liquor, one bottle of beer, or four ounces of wine\ncan impair judgement. A pilot with an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater\nin a blood or breath specimen may not operate as crew member. Operating with a\nhangover is also considered to be under the influence of alcohol. It is\nimportant to know your body\u2019s reaction to alcohol If in doubt, DON\u2019T! The same applies to\ndrugs. DON\u2019T!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
F = Fatigue<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nF = Fatigue: Fatigue continues to be one of the most\ndeceiving hazards to flight safety. Fatigue may not be apparent to a pilot\nuntil serious errors are made. Ask yourself: \u201cAm I tired and not adequately\nrested?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
E = Emotion & Eating<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nE = Emotion and Eating: Nourishment and hydration play a\nrole in decision-making as much as other factors. Ask yourself: \u201cAm I\nemotionally upset? Have I eaten and\ndrank plenty of water?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Discover the decision-making process benefits by using these\nchecklists for personal choices during this pandemic and beyond. Epic\u2019s\nstudents are better prepared with greater situational awareness, problem\nrecognition, and good judgement through ADM training.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Captain Judy Rice is a ground school instructor for Epic Flight Academy. <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"By Captain Judy Rice Early in 2020, our lives changed when the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic. Governors and state agencies issued emergency orders for the temporary closures of businesses and organizations in an effort to reduce the spread of this virus. All segments of the aviation industry have felt the impact. Transportation […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15871,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[98,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aviation-education","category-florida"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/aeronautical-decision-making-4131212014edit.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15868"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15868\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15870,"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15868\/revisions\/15870"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15871"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15868"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateaviationjournal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}